Heroin and opioids

Heroin is a semi-synthetic derivative of opium. It is made from morphine, which comes from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). Heroin is therefore a morphine derivative.

Forms

Heroin usually takes the form of beige/brown (or, rarely, white) powder. It is generally injected intravenously. It can also be snorted, inhaled or smoked.

Codeine is another morphine derivative. It is mainly used in the manufacture of various cough syrups that are available on prescription.

Methadone, a synthetic opioid, can be used as a substitute drug in the treatment of heroin addicts.

Effects

Heroin affects the nervous system by numbing the brain and slowing down bodily functions. It creates a feeling of inner joy, calmness and ecstasy. This is followed by a feeling of intense euphoria, sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Risks

Using heroin quickly leads to a strong psychological and physical dependence on the drug. It creates a tolerance: the more a person consumes, the more they need to increase their dose and/or frequency of doses to recreate the same initial sensation.

Regular use frequently changes the way a person lives their life and their circle of friends. A heroin user will structure their life around drugs and tend to mainly associate with other drug users.

A heroin overdose can result in respiratory distress, loss of consciousness and even death.

Dangerous combinations

Combining heroin with amphetamines, ecstasy or cocaine is dangerous. It is particularly dangerous to consume heroin with alcohol, tranquillisers or GHB, as this increases the risk of an overdose!